Is it Haram to Adopt in Islam? Understanding Adoption Rules

Understanding Adoption in the Context of Islam

In Islam, compassion towards orphans and children without caregivers is a significant aspect of the faith’s teachings. However, when it comes to adoption, numerous questions often arise, especially regarding its permissibility or ‘Halal/Haram’ status. Is it Haram to adopt in Islam? To provide a clear understanding, it’s essential first to know the context of adoption in Islam.

The Concepts of Adoption and Kafala in Islam

Adoption in Islam is more closely compared to guardianship or foster parenting rather than the adoptive structure understood by the western world. The Islamic term for this concept is ‘Kafala.’ Kafala refers to providing for an orphan or a child who needs care and protection. It neither confers the legal status of a natural parent to the guardian nor changes the child’s lineage.

The Distinction Between Adoption and Kafala

The primary difference between adoption as understood by the western world and Kafala in Islam lies in the rights and responsibilities conferred. A significant point of distinction is that in Kafala, the parental rights and the child’s lineage remain unchanged, and the child retains his or her original surname. This respect for maintaining the child’s lineage has deep roots in the teachings of Islam.

Guardianship and Caregiving: Emphasized in Islam

It is worth mentioning that Islam places great emphasis on caring for orphans and children who are in need. Numerous verses in the Quran urge Muslims to take care of orphans and children who are in need of protection and support. Despite the distinctions made above, taking responsibility for children without caretakers is therefore, not only permissible but highly encouraged in Islam.

Conclusion

In conclusion, it is not Haram to adopt in Islam if by adoption, one means taking the responsibility of taking care of an orphan or a child in need; as long as the child’s lineage is preserved and made known. This practice is in fact the embodiment of the Islamic values of compassion and charity. It’s important to understand that Islam values biological ties but also acknowledges and appreciates the act of taking care of those in need, thereby providing a balanced and considerate theological perspective.

Faqs about “is it haram to adopt in islam”

Is it haram to adopt in Islam?

No, adoption is not haram in Islam. However, Islam highly emphasises maintaining the lineage of a child; so a child can be taken into care, loved, and nurtured but cannot take the family name. They must be aware of and connected to their biological heritage.

What is the Islamic view on adoption?

Islam encourages caring for the orphan or needy child; providing them with love, support and a good upbringing. This is not considered ‘adoption’ in the western sense, but rather ‘guardianship’. The child maintains their biological identity.

Can an adopted child inherit property in Islam?

In Islam, an adopted child does not automatically inherit from their adoptive parents. Inheritance is based on blood lineage. However, parents can draft a will to include their adopted child within the 1/3 of their wealth that they have discretion over.

Can a Muslim child take the surname of his adoptive parents?

In Islam, an adopted child must maintain the name of his/her biological father. This is to secure the child’s lineage rights and preserve their identity.

What are the rewards of adopting a child in Islam?

The reward of adopting a child in Islam is immense. It is considered a noble act of kindness as you’re taking responsibility for the well-being of an orphan or needy child, which is highly commended in the Quran.

Does Islam encourage looking after orphans?

Yes, Islam highly encourages the care of orphans. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) himself was an orphan and he urged his followers to take special care of orphans.

What does the Quran say about adoption?

The Qur’an does not speak against adoption but emphasizes protecting the identity and lineage of the adopted child. Surah Al-Ahzab, 33:5 states that adopted children should keep the names of their biological parents.

Can you breastfeed an adopted child in Islam?

Yes, it is permissible in Islam for a woman to breastfeed an adopted child under the age of two. This creates ‘milk kinship’, regarded as a form of legitimate relationship in Islam.

Are there any restrictions on adopting children of the opposite gender in Islam?

There are certain Islamic principles about interactions between non-mahram (ones who can marry each other) men and women. However, if the adoptive mother breastfeeds the adopted child under the age of two, it creates ‘milk kinship’ and the child becomes mahram, meaning they can freely interact with each other.

Can a single Muslim man or woman adopt a child?

Yes, single Muslim men and women may take responsibility for orphans and needy children. The priority is to ensure the welfare of the child in a secure and loving environment.